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Monday, October 31, 2011

"Too much of a good thing""Toward long-term success"

1.As technology has progressed, we’ve happily adopted smartphones, tablets, instant messaging, Internet video and social networks. Now we’re challenged to deal with too much of a good thing. We struggle to juggle conversations across different types of providers, devices, services and applications. We have more options. But we also have more communications islands where conversations become stranded. We’ve all experienced the frustrations of:Figuring out which device, application and address book combination we need at a particular time.Remembering how we last communicated with someone so we can pick up a conversation thread.Sifting through e-mails, text, voice and video conversations to find the right information when we need it.Trying to share across incompatibl
applications.Conversations have become too complicated. It’s clear that more isn’t always better.
2.Service providers that successfully execute on new go-to-market strategies for converged services can gain new revenue streams and more efficient, leaner operations. They will benefit from third-party innovation, customer-centric strategies and new channels to market. Longer term, they will enjoy enhanced brand value and increased competitive differentiation, leading to sustained benefits for service providers and their shareholders.

To help ensure success: Set realistic goals. Don’t be afraid to fail. Lean on partners. Be flexible. Share risk. Focus on customers.






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Friday, October 28, 2011

" Many leading UK businesses already play a large role in the education of young people"

1.If we’re going to do that effectively, we need to address the demographic timebomb, which will see the proportion of the population aged 16-64 fall from 65 per cent to 59 per cent in the next 25 years. The only way we’ll do that is by showing young people the potential of engineering and by influencing their parents and teachers.

According to the Sector Skills Assessments for the 10 engineering-related Sector Skills Councils, engineering companies need more than 2.2 million employees over the next 5-10 years. The health of our economy relies upon our ability to seize these opportunities, and convey the rewards of an engineering career to young people. Our research shows that engineering graduates and technicians have a bright future ahead of them: the average graduate salary six months after graduating for those in engineering and technology roles is £24,952; 11 per cent more than the £22,364 average graduate salary for all subjects. Non-graduates in the industry earn 47 per cent more than others in work without a degree.

Across the board, new graduates are taking longer to enter the workplace; a dispiriting experience for young people anxious to begin their careers. However, almost nine in 10 engineering graduates who graduated in 2010 were either in work or had opted to undertake further study, and two thirds of engineering and technology graduates are more likely to go into jobs related to their field of study than other graduates.

The opportunities and the demand for workers are there; what is lacking is the balance between the skills requirements of business and industry and the skills provided by education.

Our new analyses show that while demand is clearly there, economic growth risks being stalled if we leave various supply issues unabated.

Many leading UK businesses already play a significant role in education. As the future employers of today’s young people, they are well placed to help improve the content of the curriculum to meet the needs of our future engineers.

Providing young people, their teachers and the wider public with a real picture of what it is to be an engineer today, and making available the information and resources necessary to make informed career decisions seems a sensible antidote to scare stories about an industry that is vital to our society.
2.The UK has the lowest proportion of women engineers in the EU – less than one third that of Latvia. Are Latvian women more left-brained?

I am not underestimating the cultural and social challenges. We suffer from a series of vicious circles where the lack of positive images of female engineers reduces the likelihood of us having female engineers to generate positive images. I acknowledge there is an element of chicken and egg, but it is not acceptable to blame the egg. We need to break the circles and we need to do it now.

I would like to see engineers challenging the BBC and other media outlets for the poverty of their engineering coverage. I would like to see the industry championing engineering as part of our culture – a prize for the best portrayal on TV might be a good place to start. And I would like to see engineers demanding that the government reverses its cuts to the funding of science and science in society.

As CaSE recently said: ’It is time to shift from good practice that encourages gentle change to achieving real and rapid results.’The point is that it’s not good enough to say that girls just don’t like engineering. In India the proportion of women enrolled on engineering degrees in 2000 was twice what it is in the UK and that’s despite the lower rates of literacy for girls there. Are Indian women less feminine?
The picture is no better in the jobs market – engineering is one of four STEM professions that have seen no major improvements in gender balance. Of nearly 13 million women working in the UK, only 5.3 per cent are employed in SET occupations, against almost one third of the UK’s 15.4 million male employees.

This represents a huge loss for us all – the loss to the country in a talent pool half the size it could be; the loss to society of the types of engineering that might come from a nonmale perspective; and the loss to women in not having entry to these rewarding careers.

But there is an additional, intangible, but hugely important loss: engineering will never have the position it merits at the heart of our society and economy if it remains the preserve of such a narrow section of society. Given the economic, climatic and social challenges we face as a nation, it is imperative that engineering graduates from its current position as an exclusively male eccentricity.

That said, there are many organisations doing excellent work to encourage girls into STEM and retain them in STEM careers and many individual engineers are also keen to help. During my career I often worked for brilliant male managers keen to encourage women in SET, but it was never their absolute priority.

As a woman engineer I often felt excluded, but I realised I was just not being actively included. All groups have their common language. I had no problem with the geek speak, but the sporting metaphors I didn’t understand or the sexual allusions I didn’t want to kept me silent when I should have spoken up.



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" Robot fruit pickers could one day replace humans in the fields thanks to an imaging system that identifies ripe crops"

1.This provides a more accurate way of judging the ripeness of fruits such as strawberries than assessing their colour. It could also lead to faster picking methods, because it can see through leaves and other visible obstructions.

Microwaves in particular are used because they are safe in low doses and pass through many substances but are stopped by water.

‘With the microwave approach you’re looking a little bit below the surface, so potentially the strawberries could be red but they might still be hard and not very full of water,’ said Dudley.

‘We can see where the strawberries are and see through the leaves. Certainly in strawberries, the leaves don’t have a particularly heavy water content so are fairly transparent and underneath the strawberries stand out very nicely.’

The system could even be used to detect disease or determine whether the crops need different amounts of fertiliser or water by continually monitoring them to see how their water content changes.

‘You can start thinking about how you can manage your crop in a more efficient way, certainly in an enclosed area such as a greenhouse, where strawberries would be,’ said Dudley.

‘But we’re also considering it for on tractors and in farm fields. That’s perfectly feasible if you can mount this technology in the right way.’

NPL has spent about two years developing the imaging system with farmers and a farming equipment company, and has built several prototypes based on technology used for material analysis that have been tested in the fields on cauliflowers and lettuce.

The biggest challenge was designing the microwave detectors to produce a high-enough resolution at a fast-enough speed to be useful.

The next step will be partnering with companies from the sensor and agricultural industries to develop the technology at a low-enough cost to mount on farming equipment, while limiting false positive readings.
2.At any time, the user can ask for an instruction or a piece of information to be repeated — or translated into English — by pressing the touch screen.

All grammar and vocabulary has been selected to ensure that using the kitchen adds to basic proficiency in understanding French.

After a session, the user can test what they have learnt by carrying out a short test on the computer.

Three portable versions of the kitchen, comprising the computer and a set of sensor-enabled kitchen equipment, are now being prepared. These are to be installed in Newcastle College and at Institut Fran?ais, a London-based charity dedicated to teaching the French language.

‘Our overriding objective is to make language learning more enjoyable, more effective and, by linking it to the development of another valuable life skill, more educational too,’ said Prof Paul Seedhouse from the School of Education, Communication and Language Sciences.



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Wednesday, October 26, 2011

Paulson: China Should Move Faster on Yuan"" Ahmadinejad on Gadhafi, Syria, alleged plot, nuclear weapons and America's role"

1.China should embrace a faster appreciation of its currency but U.S. policy makers should be wary of taking punitive actions to force the issue, former U.S. Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson said Tuesday.

Paulson, speaking during an appearance in Washington, said the U.S. and China could both benefit from Beijing taking on much-needed structural changes to its financial markets. (Read the full speech)

“I believe … very strongly that it is in China’s best interest to reform and move to a market-determined currency that reflects economic conditions,” Paulson said.

He was critical, however, of ongoing efforts in Congress to pressure China to allow its currency, the yuan, to appreciate at a faster pace. The Senate in recent weeks passed a measure allowing U.S. officials to target Beijing’s currency policy through trade penalties and various international organizations.

“I don’t think that an approach that could lead to a trade war … is the right way to go,” Paulson said.
2.all American troops would be out of Iraq by the end of the year, Ahmadinejad said they should have left sooner.

"The Iraqi government is independent and sovereign. They should decide how to provide training for their military personnel," Ahmadinejad said.

Asked whether Iran's involvement with Iraq will increase because of the American withdrawal, Ahmadinejad said there would be no changes.

Ahmadinejad also addressed accusations that Iran has misled the International Atomic Energy Agency. The agency has said Iran was not providing enough details for it to conclude it is engaged in only peaceful nuclear activities.

Ahmadinejad called such claims "lies."

"The era of nuclear bombs is over," he said as he questioned the credibility of the agency.

Ahmadinejad's stances on conflicts mirror his speech last month at the U.N. General Assembly.

Delegations from the United States and several European nations, including France and the United Kingdom, walked out during his speech, in which he repeatedly condemned the United States and said some countries use the Holocaust as an "excuse to pay ransom ... to Zionists."

In his remarks, Ahmadinejad called the September 11, 2001, attacks "mysterious" and said they were a pretext for a U.S.-led war against Afghanistan and Iraq.

He said the United States killed al Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden instead of assigning a fact-finding team to investigate "hidden elements involved in September 11."

He also blamed the United States for numerous global problems, including the financial crisis, and criticized it for overspending on the military and "printing trillions of dollars" that triggered inflation, according to a translation of his speech provided by the U.N.

Tuesday, October 25, 2011

Media pushes 'success' of experimental GSK malaria vaccine while ignoring deadly side effects, TSA deploys 'VIPR' teams throughout Tennessee to set up illegal security checkpoints on interstates

1.The mainstream media is abuzz with excitement over GlaxoSmithKline's (GSK) latest offering, a malaria trial vaccine that the company claims can cut the risk of clinical and severe malaria in children by 56 percent and 47 percent, respectively. But what GSK and the media are failing to report are the deadly side effects that may accompany the vaccine.

Unveiled at the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation's recent Malaria Forum conference in Seattle, Wash., the results of the Phase III African study on the malaria vaccine, known as RTS,S, suggest that children who receive three doses of it can derive additional protection against malaria when used in conjunction with other disease control methods. But the findings also show that vaccinated children are at a high risk of serious injury or death as well.

A report by EarthTimes explains that the full gamut of long term side effects associated with RTS,S will not be known until at least the end of 2014. It also states that "serious adverse events (very serious side effects) for [RTS,S] are around the same level as in those who were given a control drug" . But what exactly was the control drug, and what are these "same level" side effects?

A quick look at the study results, which have been published in the New England Journal of Medicine, explain that children in the "control" group received a "non-malaria comparator vaccine" . Those five to 17 months of age got a rabies vaccine (VeroRab, Sanofi-Pasteur), and younger children six to 12 weeks of age received a meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccine (Menjugate, Novartis).

Both of these vaccines carry with them their own list of side effects, which means they really do not qualify as a legitimate study of "controls." But hardly anyone is paying much attention to this because they are too busy lauding praise on GSK for developing the vaccine and allegedly expecting to make no profit from it.

It all sounds so wonderful and humanitarian, but the fact of the matter is that nearly 18 percent of children in the older vaccinated group suffered serious adverse events from the vaccine, while more than 13 percent in the youngest group suffered the same. And more than 150 children from both groups died during the study .

And since very little is known about how the vaccine affects fertility, neurological function, bodily organs, immunity, and many other aspects of health and well-being in the long term, it is hardly a time to be celebrating.
2.When the US Transportation Security Administration (TSA) announced last year that it would soon begin setting up security checkpoints in places other than just airports, it definitely was not joking. News Channel 5 in Nashville, Tenn., has announced that Tennessee is the official inaugural state for the launch of TSA's new Visible Intermodal Prevention and Response (VIPR) program, which will be setting up security checkpoints along interstates to conduct random (illegal) searches of vehicles.

TSA set up one of its first VIPR checkpoints in Tampa, Fla., last December after announcing to the world its plans to expand illegal searches to all aspects of American life. Presumably a test to see how the public would respond. VIPR teams groped and patted down passengers at a local Greyhound bus station, and they even brought in sniff dogs to add an extra layer of intimidation.And now an entire state has succumbed to the encroachment of the illegitimate US Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and its unlawful violations of the Fourth, Fifth, and Tenth Amendments to the US Constitution. VIPR teams have already been deployed to five truck weigh stations and two bus stations across Tennessee, with more soon to come.

Random security checkpoints, perpetual paranoia about terrorists around every corner, a rogue government that is pressing citizens to spy on each other and report their activities to authorities -- these are all protocols that took effect in Nazi Germany during the rise of Hitler, and they are all protocols that are now in effect in the US today. Think about it.



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Monday, October 24, 2011

abroad information4

1.At Ola Loa we are dedicated to enhancing your life by helping you realize your Maximum Health Potential with the most advanced supplement formulas available.

Driven by science not by fads, Ola Loa vitamin drink mix products are formulated by nutrition pioneer Richard Kunin, M.D., one of the founders of Antioxidant Therapy. Fifty years of research has led Dr. Kunin to his breakthrough discovery that Methylation is the key to better health, and goes beyond antioxidants. Ola Loa is the world's only product to provide this critical methylation support.
2.Many of the most effective healing strategies that work wonders for human health are available at no charge. Exposure to natural sunlight is one of them: its healing rays prevent depression, osteoporosis, breast cancer, prostate cancer and many other diseases and disorders. But if this is such a good healing therapy, why isn't it more widely promoted?

People wonder, 'if these are good for people and if these create health benefits, then why aren't we hearing about them?' And the answer is, of course, because they are free... because promotion of a product requires that there be an economic incentive from the manufacturer or reseller's point of view.

No one is going to go out and sell, for instance, sunshine. Why not? Because you can get it for free. So who's going to run an ad touting the benefits of sunshine? No one, of course. You can't bottle it up, you can't put it in a capsule, and you certainly cannot apply for a patent on sunlight. It's freely available to everyone, so you will never hear it heavily promoted.

That also means you're unlikely to hear about its benefits in the press. In fact, you're more likely than ever to hear that sunlight is bad for you, because there is an economic incentive in that message going back to the profits of sunscreen manufacturers, who largely sponsor dermatology schools and dermatology publications. Therein you see the economic incentive to actually keep people ignorant of these healing strategies.



Finally, dry the tears fall for you

Friday, October 21, 2011

Twitter Founder: Can’t Compete in China,Soul-searching in China after toddler in hit-run dies

Say what you want about whether Twitter can compete in China. Jack Dorsey, creator of the microblogging service, suggests that you can’t make a call on a contender unless you give it a fighting chance.

“The unfortunate fact is, we’re just not allowed to compete in this market, and that’s not up to us to change,” he said Thursday in Hong Kong at AsiaD, a conference hosted by All Things Digital, an online publishing partner of The Wall Street Journal.

Twitter is blocked in China, which has more Internet users than any other nation, and in its place a number of Chinese microblogging services, namely Sina Weibo and Tencent Weibo, have sprung up and caught fire in its place.

The Chinese services have long been packed with features that Twitter didn’t have initially, leading many users of both platforms and analysts to believe that the homegrown services better serve the Chinese market anyway. But Mr. Dorsey said he believes there are many Chinese users who are hungry to use his global platform.

“At the end of the day, we just can’t compete. [Weibo] can compete in our markets, and we’re certainly interested in what that means for us. I’ve looked at Weibo and it looks fascinating the way that people are using it,” he said. “We would love to have a strong Twitter in China, but we need to be allowed to do that.”

Mr. Dorsey said the change would be up to trade experts in both the U.S. and Chinese governments.

Mr. Dorsey’s comments underscore the appetite among social media companies to connect with China’s many users –who are very active but noticeably isolated — as the rest of the world becomes increasingly connected through global social-neworking platforms. Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg has also expressed interest in entering the market, but has not yet done so. Facebook is also blocked in China.

Twitter is making headway in other Asian markets, including in the Philippines and India, Mr. Dorsey said. In Japan, he said, Twitter executives noticed that the service wasn’t just popular among people, but among virtual pets, causing a flurry of activity in Japanese from Tamagotchi toys interacting with their owners via Twitter.

But in Hong Kong, a Chinese-language market that is not censored by the government and where Twitter can be accessed freely, many users still choose Chinese microblogging services in order to follow Chinese celebrities.

“We have a lot to learn here in Hong Kong and here in Asia,” Mr. Dorsey said. ”We want to build a service that people can communicate freely on, no matter where they are in the world, no matter what they’re doing with their lives” and which can be used to communicate with the ”entire world and the entire world can engage with them…that’s the most important thing for us to uphold and the most important thing for us to defend.”BEIJING — A toddler who was run over by vans twice and then ignored by passersby on a busy market street died Friday — a week after the accident and after days of bitter soul-searching over declining morality in China.

Two-year-old Wang Yue died shortly after midnight of brain and organ failure, the Guangzhou Military District General Hospital said.

“Her injuries were too severe and the treatment had no effect,” intensive care unit director Su Lei told reporters.

The plight of the child, nicknamed Yueyue, came to symbolize what many Chinese see as a decay in public morals after heady decades of economic growth and rising prosperity.

Gruesome closed-circuit camera video of last Thursday’s accident, aired on television and posted on the Internet, showed Yueyue toddling along the hardware market street in the southern city of Foshan. A van strikes her, slows and then resumes driving, rolling its back right wheel over the child. As she lays with blood pooling, 18 people walk or cycle by and another van strikes her before a scrap picker scoops her up.

Yueyue’s death touched off another round of hand-wringing about society and personal responsibility. Many comments posted to social media sites said “we are all passersby.”

Li Xiangping, a professor of religion at Huadong University, said on a Twitter-like service that it is too easy to blame others.

“What after all prompted such a sad phenomenon? Officials? The rich? Or is it our own cold-heartedness?” Li said on Sina Corp.’s Weibo.

Police have detained the drivers of both vans on suspicion of causing a traffic accident but have not said what formal charges they would face — and if manslaughter could be the charge now that the girl has died.

The people who could be seen on the video passing by the injured Yueyue have recounted being harassed for ignoring her. The respected Southern Metropolis Daily newspaper quoted a man it identified only as Mr. Chen, a hardware merchant, saying that he had been receiving crank calls ever since someone picked him out as the 16th passerby. He said he hadn’t noticed the child.

Some experts said an unwillingness to help others is an outgrowth of urbanization as migrants pour into cities and create neighborhoods of strangers.

“Rapid urbanization not only affects China or Foshan, but anywhere in the world where you have a lot of high-rise buildings, where there is high population density, then the relationship with the neighbors, and with each other is affected,” said Yao Yue, a psychologist and director of telephone help-line for distressed people in Beijing.




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Wednesday, October 19, 2011

10GbE shipments will not exceed 1GbE shipments until 2014 when 10GBASE-T explodes,What do the large OEMs want? Answer- profits

10GbE shipments will not exceed 1GbE shipments until 2014 when 10GBASE-T explodes: When the Haswell generation of servers ships in 2014, total copper 10GbE ports will grow from almost 17 million in 2013 to over 37 million in 2014. Total 10GBASE-T ports will explode in this same timeframe from just over 6 million in 2013 to over 24 million in 2014. 10GBASE-T adapter ports will finally become a strong market in 2011 and beyond, with a compound annual growth rate of 233% versus optical adapter port growth of 55% from 2010 through 2014. Further, copper 10GBASE-KR port shipments on Blade servers enable copper 10GbE to surpass optical 10GbE ports in 2010.


10GBASE-T and 10GBASE-KR Revenues to OEMs Grow Dramatically from 2009 to 2014:
10GBASE-T chip developers will finally achieve strong sales from 2011 through 2014 culminating in over $350 million in chip sales to OEMs in 2014. The compound annual growth rate of 10GBASE-T revenues will be 220%. 10GBASE-KR chip makers see strong growth early in the forecast period, but during 2011, the market shifts to an embedded PHY in the 10GbE controller chip with revenues derived from the PHY dropping dramatically. The same phenomenon also occurs for 10GBASE-T in 2014, but because the volumes grow so dramatically in 2014, revenues also grow from $132 million in 2013 to $351 million in 2014, a growth rate of 165%.All x86 servers ship with at least one CPU from either Intel or AMD, at least a few gigabytes of memory, and in almost all cases, at least one disk drive. It is hard to differentiate one OEM’s Intel or AMD CPU or memory or disk drive; consequently, the I/O (input and output) peripherals and architecture is where the money is. Over the past ten years, Fibre Channel became a very profitable part of the server OEM portfolio. OEMs do not want to lose the opportunity to upsell I/O hardware and software solutions by quickly commoditizing the I/O by putting 10GbE as the standard (free) I/O solution.








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Tuesday, October 18, 2011

Analysis of the Smartphone Application Storefront Market and its Impact on the Smartphone Ecosystem, mobile phone, smart phone, iPhone, blackberry Phones And PDA Industry in India

The mobile phones industry in India has been an attractive destination for the global mobile phone manufacturers from the very start. It was thought in the beginning that the mobile phones in India will serve the growing communication needs in the country. Considering the growth of the industry in India, it can be said that the estimated results have been achieved beyond expectations. Apart from mobile phone manufacturers, the industry has also seen the growth of mobile phone carriers, mobile phone application developers, mobile phone content providers and so on. It is expected that the industry is going to keep on growing to attain the anticipated goals at a fast rate. There are two big reasons for the rapid growth of mobile phones industry in India. First, there is a huge market for entry-level mobile phones. And second, the high-end mobile phone buyers too exist in the Indian mobile phone market. These reasons encourage the top mobile phone manufacturers to experiment their products from different categories in the Indian market. This report discusses in detail the Intoduction of Mobile Phones & Value Added Services(MVAS). The Industry overview of the telecom sector analyzing the modern growth,investments and future prospects.Then next section gives overview of Policies and initiatives taken by Indian govt.key trends, opportunities and drivers that are expected to make the industry even more dynamic in the Indian scenario. The regulatory bodies of the government controlling the Telecom Sector followed by detailed Market Analysis, Structure Major Competitors and their Market Share. The report then discusses the key challenges to be faced in the near future by the Mobile Manufacturers.The application storefront market, along with the smartphone market, has been one of the key catalysts in the mobile industry. As voice has become more competitive among carriers, data and messaging have emerged, and the industry participants are looking toward applications for revenue. To date, Apple has dominated the market. However, Android has made a significant push in the space and other competitors like Microsoft, Nokia, and RIM have continued to ramp up their efforts in the application storefront space.






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Monday, October 17, 2011

Instrumentation

The biomedical industry relies on JDSU custom optics solutions for their most challenging, high-precision thin film application and component needs. For instance, JDSU optics play a critical role in analytical and diagnostic biotechnology instruments used in medical, health, and safety applications, such as genetic cell research, which requires instruments that incorporate fluorescence filters in the UV that can filter out harmful UV rays while allowing the correct wavelength to affect the cells.

JDSU band/wave-passing and blocking filters are well suited for applications such as gas sensing, analytical and biomedical instrumentation, and night vision. The filters are designed to transmit the desired wavelength band while reflecting or absorbing the unwanted energy at longer and shorter wavelengths. Spectral performance is strictly controlled for precise pass/reject control, providing high transmission where desired and excellent blocking out of band.

Other JDSU instrumentation products include beamsplitters and various optical filters.



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Friday, October 14, 2011

2.67 Gigabit RoHS Compliant DWDM SFP (FWLF1631xx)

Finisar's Dense Wavelength-Division Multiplexing (DWDM) transceivers offer DWDM transport with dramatically lower power and cost in a standard pluggable Small Form Factor Pluggable (SFP) package. The FWLF-1631 is designed expressly for service providers deploying DWDM networking equipment in metropolitan access and core networks. The transceiver is RoHS compliant and lead free per Directive 2002/95/EC, and Finisar Application Note AN-2038.
I will contiune offer you the latest free information. Thank you for your reading.






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Cat

The cat (Felis catus), also known as the domestic cat or housecat[5] to distinguish it from other felids and felines, is a small, usually furry, domesticated, carnivorous mammal that is valued by humans for its companionship and for its ability to hunt vermin and household pests. Cats have been associated with humans for at least 9,500 years,[6] and are currently the most popular pet in the world.[7] Owing to their close association with humans, cats are now found almost everywhere in the world.

Cats are similar in anatomy to the other felids, with strong, flexible bodies, quick reflexes, sharp retractable claws, and teeth adapted to killing small prey. As nocturnal predators, cats use their acute hearing and ability to see in near darkness to locate prey. Not only can cats hear sounds too faint for human ears, they can also hear sounds higher in frequency than humans can perceive. This is because the usual prey of cats (particularly rodents such as mice) make high frequency noises, so the hearing of the cat has evolved to pinpoint these faint high-pitched sounds. Cats also have a much better sense of smell than humans.

Despite being solitary hunters, cats are a social species and use a variety of vocalizations, pheromones and types of body language for communication. These include meowing, purring, trilling, hissing, growling, and grunting.[8]

Cats have a rapid breeding rate. Under controlled breeding, they can be bred and shown as registered pedigree pets, a hobby known as cat fancy. Failure to control the breeding of pet cats by spaying and neutering and the abandonment of former household pets has resulted in large numbers of feral cats worldwide, with a population of up to 60 million of these animals in the United States alone.[9]

As The New York Times wrote in 2007, "Until recently the cat was commonly believed to have been domesticated in ancient Egypt, where it was a cult animal",[10] but a study that year revealed that the lines of descent of all house cats probably run through as few as five self-domesticating African Wildcats (Felis silvestris lybica) c. 8000 BC, in the Near East.[4] The earliest direct evidence of cat domestication is a kitten that was buried alongside a human 9,500 years ago in Cyprus.




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Thursday, October 13, 2011

the history of Royal Geographical Society

The Geographical Society of London was founded in 1830 under the name Geographical Society of London as an institution to promote the 'advancement of geographical science'. It later absorbed the older African Association, which had been founded by Sir Joseph Banks in 1788, as well as the Raleigh Club and the Palestine Association. Like many learned societies, it had started as a dining club in London, where select members held informal dinner debates on current scientific issues and ideas.

Founding members of the Society included Sir John Barrow, Sir John Franklin and Francis Beaufort. Under the patronage of King William IV it later became known as The Royal Geographical Society and was granted its Royal Charter under Queen Victoria in 1859.

From 1830 - 1840 the RGS met in the rooms of the Horticultural Society in Regent Street, London and from 1854 -1870 at 15 Whitehall Place, London. In 1870, the Society finally found a home when it moved to 1 Saville Row, London – an address that quickly became associated with adventure and travel. The Society also used a lecture theatre in Burlington Gardens, London which was lent to it by the Civil Service Commission. However, the arrangements were thought to be rather cramped and squalid.

A new impetus was given to the Society’s affairs in 1911, with the election of Earl Curzon, the former Viceroy of India, as the Society’s President (1911–1914). The premises in Saville Row were sold and the present site, Lowther Lodge in Kensington Gore, was purchased for £100,000[1] and opened for use in April 1913. In the same year the Society’s ban on women was lifted.

Lowther Lodge was built in 1874 for the Hon William Lowther by Norman Shaw, one of the most outstanding domestic architects of his day. Extensions to the east wing were added in 1929, and included the New Map Room and the 750 seat Lecture Theatre. The extension was formally opened by HRH the Duke of York (later King George VI) at the Centenary Celebrations on 21 October 1930.

The Society has been a key associate and supporter of many famous explorers and expeditions, including those of:

Charles Darwin
James Kingston Tuckey
David Livingstone
William Ogilvie
Robert Falcon Scott
Richard Francis Burton
John Hanning Speke
George W. Hayward
Percy Fawcett
Henry Morton Stanley
Ernest Shackleton
Sir Edmund Hillary

The history of the Society was closely allied for many of its earlier years with ‘colonial’ exploration in Africa, the Indian subcontinent, the polar regions, and central Asia especially. It has been a key associate and supporter of many notable explorers and expeditions, including those of Darwin, Livingstone, Stanley, Scott, Shackleton, Hunt and Hillary. From the middle of the 19th century until the end of World War I, expeditions sponsored by the Royal Geographical Society were frequently front page news, and the opinions of its President and Council would be avidly sought by journalists and editors.

The early history of the Society is inter-linked with the history of British Geography, exploration and discovery. Information, maps, charts and knowledge gathered on expeditions was sent to the RGS, making up its now unique geographical collections. The Society published its first journal in 1831 and from 1855, accounts of meetings and other matters were published in the Society Proceedings. In 1893, this was replaced by The Geographical Journal which is still published today.

The Society was also pivotal in establishing Geography as a teaching and research discipline in British universities, and funded the first Geography positions in the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge.

With the advent of a more systematic study of geography, the Institute of British Geographers was formed in 1933, by some academic Society fellows, as a sister body to the Society. Its activities included organising conferences, field trips, seminars and specialist research groups. Its journal, Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, is now one of the foremost international journals of geographical research, publishing 'landmark' research from across the discipline.

The RGS and IBG co-existed for 60 years until 1992 when a merger was discussed. In 1994, members were balloted and the merger agreed. In January 1995, the new Royal Geographical Society (with the Institute of British Geographers) was formed.

Today the RGS-IBG is a voice and home for geography, both nationally and internationally. It is the largest Geographical Society in Europe and one of the largest in the world. It operates on a regional scale, with eight branches in the UK and one in Hong Kong.

It supports and promotes many aspects of geography including geographical research, education and teaching, field training and small expeditions, the public understanding and popularisation of Geography, and the provision of geographical information. The Society also works together with other existing bodies serving the geographical community, in particular the Geographical Association and the Royal Scottish Geographical Society.

In 2004, The Society’s historical Collections relating to scientific exploration and research, which are of national and international importance, were opened to the public for the first time. In the same year, a new category of membership was introduced to widen access for people with a general interest in geography. The new Foyle Reading Room and glass Pavilion exhibition space were also opened to the public in 2004 – unlocking the Society intellectually, visually and physically for the 21st century.







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Wednesday, October 12, 2011

Council of Europe

The Council of Europe (French: Conseil de l'Europe) is an international organisation promoting co-operation between all countries of Europe in the areas of legal standards, human rights, democratic development, the rule of law and cultural co-operation. It was founded in 1949, has 47 member states with some 800 million citizens, and is an entirely separate body from the European Union (EU), which has only 27 member states. Unlike the EU, the Council of Europe cannot make binding laws. The two do however share certain symbols such as the flag of Europe. The Council of Europe has nothing to do with either the Council of the European Union or the European Council, which are both EU bodies.

The best known bodies of the Council of Europe are the European Court of Human Rights, which enforces the European Convention on Human Rights, and the European Pharmacopoeia Commission, which sets the quality standards for pharmaceutical products in Europe. The Council of Europe's work has resulted in standards, charters and conventions to facilitate cooperation between European countries.

Its statutory institutions are the Committee of Ministers comprising the foreign ministers of each member state, the Parliamentary Assembly composed of MPs from the Parliament of each member state, and the Secretary General heading the secretariat of the Council of Europe. The Commissioner for Human Rights is an independent institution within the Council of Europe, mandated to promote awareness of and respect for human rights in the member states.

The headquarters of the Council of Europe are in Strasbourg, France, with English and French as its two official languages. The Committee of Ministers, the Parliamentary Assembly and the Congress also use German, Italian, and Russian for some of their work.






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Tuesday, October 11, 2011

U.S. Customs Restrictions – What You Cannot Bring Back With You

There are special rules for products made from endangered wildlife. Many wildlife and wildlife products are prohibited either by U.S. or foreign laws from import into the United States, and you risk confiscation and a possible fine if you attempt to bring them into the U.S. when you return. Watch out for the following prohibited items:

All products made from sea turtles
All ivory, both Asian and African elephant, and rhinoceros
Furs from spotted cats
Furs from marine mammals
Feathers and feather products from wild birds
Most crocodile and caiman leather
Most coral, whether in chunks or in jewelry

You may import an object made of ivory if it is an antique. To be an antique the ivory must be at least 100 years old, and you will need documentation that authenticates the age of the ivory. You may import other antiques containing wildlife parts under the same conditions: they must be accompanied by documentation proving they are at least 100 years old. Certain other requirements for antiques may also apply.







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Monday, October 10, 2011

How long does it take to forget first love?

Last night, I chatted with my friend who was crossed in love 3 months ago. She said:" it may take only a blink to fall in love with a man, but it takes a whole lifetime to forget the one you have ever loved." I think her words over carefully and agree with her opinion. The first love is the most memorable. To tell you the truth, I can't forget the boy I was in love at high school. Sigh, he had already forgotten my name, I guess. Maybe, we women are not as callous as men. Men are easy to fall in love and also easy to forget love. Usually, women feel emothionally attached to the men they loved first. I don't want to trap in the past. I want to move on but I fail. Can anyone tell me how long it takes to forget first love? Is there a good way to forget the past?







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Sunday, October 9, 2011

Choy San Yeh - The military god of wealth

Choy San Yeh is an ancient Chinese military god of wealth. It symbolizes prosperity and richness, and help people attracting those characteristics to their living or working spaces when being placed at them. Besides attracting wealth, it can assure you of a constancy of income.
This wealth god wears dragon clothes and is usually next to a tiger. He carries a gold ingot and tied coins in his right hand, both of them very important wealth symbols and attractors. He also carries precious symbols in his left arm and his face expression transmits strength.

Usually, there are coffers full of gold and precious objects around Choy San Yeh as well as the objects he carries with himself. Often, he is also depicted with children around him since, according to ancient Chinese traditions; there is no other treasure as precious as them. As you can see, Choy San Yeh is not only a wealth symbol by himself but also carries many other feng shui wealth symbols with him as well, making him be an extremely powerful amulet.

Choy San Yeh is one of the most powerful wealth attractor objects you could find. By having it in a strategic spot, either in your house or working space, you can call prosperity for you as well as for any others who may inhabit it. It can also be a great gift to give, since its power becomes stronger when it is received as a present.

The proper way to place a Choy San Yeh is in front of the main door but, ideally, without directly facing it. He should always be placed in the living room and on a table which allows him to have a prominent position, never on a low level or on the floor. A great place for him to be is in a living room corner that is indirectly in front of the front door.

On the other hand, you should never place a Choy San Yeh in your bedroom since that might attract bad luck instead of wealth. Besides, you should avoid placing him next to other gods or deities since that would lower his power as well as be insulting to him and the other gods too.





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